Catnip’s allure for cats comes from nepetalactone, an oil in its leaves and stems, which triggers sensory neurons, leading to behaviors like purring, rolling, and excitement. While catnip is famous for its effects on cats, its impact on the human brain is not as pronounced, though it has been used as a mild relaxant.
What Happens in a Cat’s Brain When They Encounter Catnip?
When a cat encounters catnip, the nepetalactone in the plant binds to receptors in the cat’s nose. This interaction stimulates sensory neurons, creating a heightened state of excitement or pleasure. Cats may exhibit behaviors such as purring, drooling, rolling, rubbing, jumping, or even agitation. The effects typically last around 10 minutes, after which the cat returns to normal behavior.
How Does Nepetalactone Affect Cats?
Nepetalactone, a volatile oil found in catnip, is the primary compound responsible for the effects on cats. It stimulates sensory neurons, leading to a range of behaviors that indicate excitement or pleasure. About 70 percent of cats are affected by catnip, and this sensitivity is an inherited trait. Interestingly, big cats like tigers and leopards can also be affected by catnip.
What About Catnip and Humans?
While catnip is well-known for its effects on cats, it has a different impact on humans. In some cultures, catnip has been used as a seasoning and as a medicinal tea for colds and fever. The calming effects of catnip on humans are far milder compared to the reactions seen in cats.
Can Catnip Be Used as a Relaxant for Humans?
Catnip has been used as a mild relaxant for humans. The effects are not as intense as those experienced by cats, but it can help to promote relaxation and reduce anxiety. Catnip tea, for example, is sometimes consumed to help with sleep or to soothe digestive issues.
Are There Any Side Effects of Catnip on Humans?
When consumed in moderation, catnip is generally safe for humans. However, excessive consumption may lead to mild side effects such as drowsiness or stomach upset. It is always best to use catnip in small amounts to gauge individual tolerance.
Is Catnip Addictive to Cats?
Catnip is not considered addictive to cats. After the initial reaction, cats become temporarily immune to its effects, meaning they won’t respond to it again for a while. This natural refractory period helps prevent cats from becoming overly dependent on catnip.
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